Journal of Environmental Biology

In vitro culture and genomics tools to improve ornamental tuberose: A comprehensive review

M. Kumar¹*, V. Chaudhary², A. Singh¹, R. Singh³, V. Pal⁴, M. Kumar⁵ and M.K. Yadav⁶     

¹Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250 110, India

²Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut-250 004, India

³School of Agriculture, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun-248 007, India

⁴Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Hapur, Directorate of Extension, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-50 110, India

⁵Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Shahjahanpur, Directorate of Extension, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250 110, India

⁶Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250 110, India

Received: 08 June 2025                   Revised: 28 October 2025                   Accepted: 24 December 2025

*Corresponding Author Email : k.mukesh123@yahoo.com                 *ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-9732

Abstract

Tuberose Agave amica (Medik) is one of the most critical flowering plants in tropical and subtropical areas. Tuberose blooms' essential oils and aromas are commonly used in perfumes, making them well-known internationally. New flower varieties are needed to meet rising demand for unique, high-quality, and diverse blooms. Conventional breeding approaches—such as clonal selection, somaclonal variation, and hybridization—are often time-consuming and limited in their ability to introduce desirable traits efficiently.

In contrast, recent advances in modern biotechnological and genomic tools, including genetic engineering, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, somatic hybridization, and tissue culture, provide more precise and accelerated routes for the development of improved cultivars. This review evaluates the efficiency of in vitro plantlet regeneration and the key factors influencing its success. It highlights the application of molecular markers in the genetic improvement of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.). To support the ongoing tuberose improvement programs, this research review further proposes integrated strategies that combine genomics-assisted selection with in vitro methodologies to optimize trait enhancement and accelerate cultivar development.

Key words: Genome editing, In vitro propagation, Molecular markers, Plant growth regulators

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