Journal of Environmental Biology

Multivariate analysis for quantitative traits in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

V. Sharma¹*, M. Kumar¹, P.K. Prajapati¹, A. Mishra², Kamaluddin¹, A. Kumar³, H. Jainth¹ and Mukul¹     

¹Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda-210 001, India

²Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208 002, India

³Department of Agronomy, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda-210 001, India

Received: 21 October 2024                   Revised: 25 January 2025                   Accepted: 26 May 2025

*Corresponding Author Email : vijay.buat@gmail.com                     *ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-2857

Abstract

Aim: This study was performed using sesame germplasm to study variance components, trait association, cluster analysis and principal component analysis for yield and its attributing traits.

Methodology: Seventy sesame germplasm along with two check varieties evaluated in augmented block design at research farm of Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda. The observations were recorded on different quantitative traits like days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, capsule number per plant, seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight and seed yield per plant.

Results: Statistical analysis showed GCV value lower than PCV values for all the traits studied indicating the substantial role of environment on the expression of all traits studied. Correlation analysis highlighted that targeting traits like plant height and capsules per plant could enhance sesame yield. Notably, capsules per plant had strong positive direct effect on seed yield. Based on Cluster analysis, sesame germplasm were categorized into 5 clusters and greatest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters III and V, reflecting existence of highest level of diversity. Principal component analysis identified three major components that together contributed for 63.29% of total variation among genotypes.

Interpretation: The findings of the study suggested that selection based on capsules per plant and plant height may result in improvement of seed yield in sesame. The promising segregants may be obtained by hybridization between genotypes from clusters III and V.

Key words: Cluster analysis, Multivariate analysis, Quantitative traits, Sesamum indicum

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