Journal of Environmental Biology

Pesticide pollution in an aquatic environment: Alarming

     Editorial by Professor K.S. Tilak, Consulting Editor, Journal of Environmental Biology

Abstract

'The solution for pollution is dilution' ? it is an illusion'.? If a man wants to continue as species of Homo sapiens, he has to solve the problem of 'p4' [P stands for population, poverty, pollution and political pollution].

??????????? The recent climate action summit 2019 mentioned that the global emissions even though they are not in the sign of peaking, the deterioration is alarming and wished and visualized that can we reach net zero emissions by 2050?

??????????? The charity begins at home, as the house study in the Ernst Haeckel term ecology, Tansely used term environment, the global one as biosphere has three subdivisions Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Lithosphere which is deteriorating and its restoration is a dire necessity.

??????????? For making any policy and planning, in the abatement of pollution, research and data are essential to know at a regional level for to 'Think globally and act regionally'.?

??????????? As pesticidal usage is alarming, pollution due to toxicants does affect the fish as non-target organisms. It may also cause bioaccumulation; bioconcentration and biomagnification and this is what an environmental policy and planning, the Ecotoxicologists have to keep in mind.

??????????? At the present juncture as a fish toxicologist for the last four decades determined the toxicity and other effects of different toxicants of pollutants that belong to Chlorinated hydrocarbons, Organophosphate, Carbamates and Synthetic Pyrethroids. The data obtained for different species of fish that are native can be compared with the candidate species studied by Environmental protection agency (EPA) and it requires further research at the genetic and molecular level to understand the clear mechanism of effects on tissues/ organs. This would be helpful in the abatement of pollution and much of it be useful to society.

??????????? The regional research of developing countries like India has publications for the last four decades and even special issues in the Journal of Environmental Biology. The present volume 40 (4) of 2019 has 20 articles covering all aspects of the environment as ideas for contemplating an environmental policy and planning. The ecotoxicological studies, environmental chemistry, safety and conservation of biodiversity and restoration of natural resources are the main themes of papers published in the current issue.

??????????? Hydrosphere covering 71% of the earth's surface sustains various life forms and plays an important role in ecosystems. However, water pollution mainly due to anthropogenic sources not only destroy the natural habitat but also affect aquatic flora and fauna, and in the long run, may wipe out entire aquatic species. In view of this, in this issue, Pariza et al. studied histopathological and cholinesterase changes in the gills of Clarias gariepinus as a potential biomarker for the detection of aquatic pollution due to heavy metals. Similarly, Varghese et al. explained behavioral and biochemical changes in Cirrhinus mrigala in response to environmental hypoxia. Further, Kumano et al. evaluated the toxicity and surface activity of sophorolipids extracted from Starmerella bombicola in three different aquatic species.

??????????? A glycolipid biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonal aeruginosa was tested against Phytophthora infestans by Tomar et al. proved to be a good substitute in replacing the application of chemicals in agriculture. The article by Jemenez et al. demonstrates how temperature decides the demographic patterns of Rotifers ? the minor phyla species in the aquatic environment.

??????????? In aquaculture practices, early spawning can be a profitable venture, in this regard Panchal and Rani in their study reported that melatonin and pinealectomy in Heteropneuestes fossilis inhibit ovarian development whereas exogenous melatonin treatment enhances testes maturation during the prespawing period of reproductive growth. Such studies would help in standardizing and improving breeding practices in the fish aquaculture industry. Nutrition and feeding play an essential role in the sustainable development of aquaculture, in view of this, Rawat et al. elucidated that among different dietary supplements, best growth and survival of Indian butterfish was achieved with tubifex supplemented diet.

??????????? Maruthi et al. demonstrated that the heterotic grouping of late-maturing maize inbred lines based on combining ability and molecular marker studies was not effective. The study of Chandra Prakash and Thomas revealed that resistant to disease-prone pest invasion can argument in developing parental lines. Santos et al. suggested that the PCR technique can be used for rapid detection of E. faecalis in filters containing PM10 and TSP particles. Song et al.? reported that consumption of flaxseed-fed beef loin by humans can improve blood lipid profile. Nayak et al. in their study have reported the presence of A. flavus strains in farmer's indoor air that may lead to serious health implications.

??????????? The article by Abrol et al. highlights the work of land use impact in the northwestern subtropics of India and erodability. Kumar et al. in their study showed that goat tallow can be a potential candidate for the production of biodiesel as an alternative fossil fuel.

??????????? In the environment every organism is important and survival of pathogens by Bhadauria et al. is an important article on the molecular changes in cytoplasmic protein profile and survival of pathogen on phylloplane.

??????????? A study by Revathi et al. revealed that the laboratory cultured banana plantlets using a neural network to improve productivity. QTL mapping of morphological and physiological traits a wheat population and its heat tolerance variety is noteworthy study done by Sangwan et al.

??????????? Morphological and anatomical aberrations due to waterlodding in two cultivars of sugarcane proved to be disastrous ? by Jain et al. Nanoparticles are considered as an emerging and promising strategy to treat bacterial diseases. In this issue, Vishnuvinayagam et al. studied the combined effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles incorporated with chitosan as a suitable alternative for treating wound infected with multiple drug-resistant bacteria. Similarly, Malathi et al. reported that silver nanoparticles synthesized from Annona reticulata exhibits insecticidal and bactericidal activities.

??????????? The Journal of Environmental Biology (JEB) is doing the best services required for encouraging the scientific thoughts of the community.? Publication of these articles in this issue of JEB will promote the ongoing development of science and technology not only of India but other countries.

Date: May 16, 2019  

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