Enhancement
of lipid production in two marine microalgae under different levels of
nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency
Nurul
Salma Adenan1, Fatimah Md. Yusoff1, 2,*, Srikanth Reddy
Medipally1 and M. Shariff1, 3
1Laboratory of
Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Department of
Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM
Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
3Aquatic Animal
Health Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400
UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
*Corresponding
Author E-mail: fatimahyus@gmail.com
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Publication
Data
Paper received:
07 May 2015
Revised received:
10 December 2016
Accepted:
09 April 2016
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Abstract
Microalgae
are important food sources for aquaculture animals. Among the different
factors which influence the biochemical composition of microalgae, nitrogen
and phosphorus are two of the most important nutrient sources for growth and
development. The present study aimed to assess the effects of nitrogen and
phosphorus deficiency on lipid production of Chlorella sp. and Chaetoceros
calcitrans. Early stationary phase culture of these species were exposed
to different stress levels of nitrogen and phosphorus (25%, 50% and 75% of
the full NO3-N and PO4-P concentration in the Conway
media), and solvent extraction and gas-liquid chromatography methods were
performed for analysis of lipid and fatty acid composition. The results
revealed that lipid production in these two species significantly increased
(P<0.05) as nitrogen and phosphorus decreased. The fatty acid proportion
remained unaffected under nitrogen deficiency, while phosphorus limitation
resulted in a decrease of saturated fatty acids and promoted a higher content
of omega-3 fatty acids in these species. The protein and carbohydrate levels
were also altered under limited nutrients. Therefore, these conditions could
be used for enhanced lipid production in microalgae for aquaculture and other
industrial applications.
Key
words
Chaetoceros
calcitrans, Chlorella, Lipid, Marine microalgae, Nutrient
stress, Omega-3 fatty acids
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enforced or derived, rest completely with the author(s).
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